Science and Technology
1965
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In chemistry, Robert B. Woodward won the Nobel Prize in Science for work in synthesizing complicated organic compounds. Woodward was from the U.S.
- In physics, Richard P. Feynman, Shinichiro Tomonaga, and Julian S. Schwinger won the Nobel Prize for their research in quantum electrodynamics. Feynman and Schwinger were both from the U.S. and Tomonaga was from Japan.
- Francois Jacob, Andre Lwolff, and Jacques Monod won the Nobel Prize in physiology and medicine for their study of regulatory activities in the body's cells.
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Robert W. Wilson and Arno A. Penzias’s discovery of cosmic background radiation confirmed the “Big Bang” theory.
- The first commercial communications satellite, Early Bird, was launched.
- Wally Schirra and Thomas Stafford went on the Gemini VI and performed the first rendezvous with Frank Borman and James Lovell who were aboard another spacecraft, Gemini VII.
- Aleksei Leonov from the Soviet Union performed the first space walk on March 18th, and on June 3rd Edward White II became the first American to walk in space.
1966
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In chemistry, Robert Sanderson Mulliken from the United States received the Nobel Prize in Science for his research on the bond holding atoms together in a molecule.
- In physics, a man from France named Alfred Kastler won the Nobel Prize for his work on energy levels inside the atom.
- In physiology and medicine, Charles Brenton Huggin from the United States, won the Nobel Prize for his studies in hormone treatment of cancer of prostate and also Francis Peyton Rous from the Unites States won the Nobel Prize for his discovery of tumor producing viruses.
- In China, insulin was first synthesized.
Insulin Crystals
- Har Khorana, an MIT biochemist, finished decoding the DNA code.
- “The Pill" was declared safe for human use by the Food and Drug Administration in 1966
1967
- In physics, Hans A. Bethe, who was from the United States, won the Nobel Prize for his work on the energy production of stars.
- In physiology and medicine, Haldan K. Hartline, Ragnar Granit, and George Wald, who were all from the United States, won the Nobel Prize for their work on the human eye.
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Also, in the United Kingdom, Antony Hewish and Jocelyn Bell Burnel discovered pulsars.
A Pulsar
- In the Unites States, Jerome Friedman, Henry Kendall, and Richard Taylor discovered that protrons and neutrons are composed pf even smaller particles called quarks.
- The Multiple Independently Targeted Reetry Vehicle, also known as MIRV, was developed. It allowed one missile to carry a few nuclear warheads.
- On December 3, Dr. Christiaan N. Barnard and a team or surgeons from South Africa performed the world's first human heart transplant that was successful, but the patient died 18 days later.
1968
* In chemistry, Lars Onsager from the United States won the Nobel Prize for the developement of a system of equations in thermodynamics. 
* In physics, Luis Walter Alvarez from the United States, won the Nobel Prize for his study of subatomic particles.
* In physiology and medicine, three men from the United States, Robert W. Holley, Har Gobind Khorana, and Marshall W. Nirenberg, all won the Nobel Prize for their studies of the genetic code.
*Amniocentesis was developed in 1968.
* In Alaska, the largest reservoir of American petroleum, north of Mexico, was discovered.
1969
*In chemistry, Derek H. R. Barton, a man from the United Kingdom, and Odd Hassel from Norway, won the Nobel Prize for their study of organic molecules.
*In physiology and medicine, three men from the United States, Max Delbruck, Salvador E. Luria, and Alfred D. Hershey, won the Nobel Prize for study of the mechanism of virus infections in living cells.
* In 1969, Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin became the first humans to walk on the moon. 
*The ARPA, also known as the Advanced Research Projects Agency, went online in December and it connected four major United States Universities. The agency was designed for research, government organizations, and education. It was the start of the foundation for the Internet.
* The scanning electron microscrope was made.
* The use of DDT, the first modern pesticide, in banned in residential areas.