Science

* The Miller-Urey experiment showed in 1953 that under simulated conditions resembling those thought to be possible to have existed shortly after Earth was first created, many of the basic organic molecules that form the building blocks of life are able to spontaneously form.

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  * Francis Crick and James D. Watson discovered the helical structure of DNA at the Cavendish Laboratory at the University of Cambridge in 1953.
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  * Bruce C. Heezen discovered the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.
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  * The first polio vaccine, developed by Jonas Salk, was introduced to the general public in 1955.
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  * The first organ transplants were done in Boston and Paris in 1954.